On May 27, 2013, the World Health Assembly adopted the Comprehensive Mental Health Action Plan 2013–20201WHODraft comprehensive mental health action plan 2013–2020.http://apps.who.int/gb/ebwha/pdf_files/WHA66/A66_10Rev1-en.pdfDate: May 16, 2013Google Scholar that has great potential to change the direction of mental health in countries around the world in the next 8 years. This action plan and the accompanying resolution—a first in the history of WHO—represent a formal recognition of the importance of mental health for WHO's 194 member states. It is also a commitment by all member states to take specified actions to improve mental health and to contribute to the attainment of a set of agreed global targets. The action plan focuses on four key objectives: “to strengthen effective leadership and governance for mental health; provide comprehensive, integrated and responsive mental health and social care services in community-based settings; implement strategies for promotion and prevention in mental health, and; strengthen information systems, evidence and research for mental health”.1WHODraft comprehensive mental health action plan 2013–2020.http://apps.who.int/gb/ebwha/pdf_files/WHA66/A66_10Rev1-en.pdfDate: May 16, 2013Google Scholar Building upon earlier work,2WHOmhGAP Mental Health Gap Action Programme: scaling up care for mental, neurological and substance use disorders. World Health Organization, Geneva2008Google Scholar, 3Lancet Global Mental Health GroupScale up services for mental disorders: a call for action.Lancet. 2007; 370: 1241-1252Summary Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (524) Google Scholar, 4Eaton J McCay L Semrau M Chatterjee S et al.Scale up of services for mental health in low-income and middle-income countries.Lancet. 2011; 378: 1592-1603Summary Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (379) Google Scholar, 5Collins PY Patel V Joestl SS et al.Grand challenges in global mental health.Nature. 2011; 475: 27-30Crossref PubMed Scopus (1296) Google Scholar and based upon a consultation process that involved 135 member states, 60 WHO collaborating centres and academic centres, 76 non-governmental organisations (NGOs), and 17 other organisations and individual experts in the past 12 months, consensus was reached on the key actions to be taken with respect to each of the four objectives by member states, WHO's Secretariat, and partners. Furthermore, for the first time, specific and measurable global targets and indicators have been agreed upon as a way to monitor implementation, progress, and impact. The targets include a 20% increase in service coverage for severe mental disorders and a 10% reduction of the suicide rate in countries by 2020. The Comprehensive Mental Health Action Plan 2013–2020 is testimony to some of the shifts in thinking about mental health that have occurred over the past few years. Issues that used to be at the periphery are now seen as central to providing an effective response to mental health problems. The plan highlights the importance of protecting and promoting human rights and includes a central role for the provision of community-based care and support. To ensure a comprehensive response to mental health, the plan introduces the notion of recovery, and moves away from a wholly medical model to address income generation and education opportunities, housing and social services, and other social determinants of mental health. The plan also highlights important actions that need to be taken around promotion of mental health and prevention of mental disorders, and to strengthen and empower civil society, especially organisations of people with mental disorders and psychosocial disability, so that they can take an active role in policy debates and decision-making processes. Ministries of health will need to take a leadership role and WHO will work with them and with international and national partners, including civil society, to implement the plan. Much of the action outlined in the plan will take place within countries, especially in the low-income and middle-income groups where needs are high and resources inadequate.6Saxena S Thornicroft G Knapp M Whiteford H Resources for mental health: scarcity, inequity, and inefficiency.Lancet. 2007; 370: 878-889Summary Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (1076) Google Scholar WHO will provide technical assistance to countries in line with their particular needs, and will draw upon the technical expertise of WHO collaborating centres, NGOs, academia, and other experts. A set of core indicators is being developed so that relevant data can be collected from all countries to track national, regional, and global progress, to be reported back to the World Health Assembly in 2015, 2018, and 2021. At the root of the action plan is a vision of “a world in which mental health is valued, promoted and protected, mental disorders are prevented and persons affected by these disorders are able to exercise the full range of human rights and to access high quality, culturally-appropriate health and social care in a timely way to promote recovery, all in order to attain the highest possible level of health and participate fully in society and at work free from stigmatisation and discrimination”.1WHODraft comprehensive mental health action plan 2013–2020.http://apps.who.int/gb/ebwha/pdf_files/WHA66/A66_10Rev1-en.pdfDate: May 16, 2013Google Scholar Implementation of the action plan will face challenges; in particular, years or decades of inadequate investment into human and financial resources for mental health care need to be quickly reversed. Health policy planners and health professionals can help to enable this turn-around by ensuring that promoting, protecting, and restoring good mental health represents an integral part of their responsibilities. Local leaderships will need to develop to support this process. With concerted action by all stakeholders, WHO hopes to overcome these challenges and assist countries to deliver health care and other services that better conform to WHO's definition of health,7WHOConstitution of the World Health Organization. Basic documents, forty-fifth edition, supplement, October, 2006. World Health Organization, Geneva2006Google Scholar which explicitly recognises the critical place of mental and social wellbeing. We declare that we have no conflicts of interest. Can China's new mental health law substantially reduce the burden of illness attributable to mental disorders?The report by Gonghuan Yang and colleagues1 on the results of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2010 (GBD 2010) for China provides clear evidence of the importance of mental disorders in the overall health of the nation. Mental and behavioural disorders accounted for 9·5% of all disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) and 23·6% of all years lived with disability (YLD). Seven of the top 20 causes of YLD are mental disorders: major depressive disorder, alcohol use disorders, schizophrenia, anxiety disorders, bipolar disorder, dysthymia, and drug use disorders. Full-Text PDF WHO's Global Clinical Practice Network for mental healthThe core constitutional responsibilities of the WHO include the promotion of global cooperation, acting as a directing authority for international initiatives that contribute to the advancement of health. The Global Clinical Practice Network (GCPN) , created by WHO's Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse, holds promise for promoting collaborative initiatives that enhance training, research, and clinical capacity for mental health worldwide. Eventually, these initiatives can change the way that mental health care is practised globally. Full-Text PDF